Pregnant Mare Nutrition: Timing and Tips for Introducing Breeding Feed

When Should You Introduce Breeding Feed?

During the first two-thirds of pregnancy, a mare’s nutritional needs do not increase significantly, as fetal development occurs at a relatively slow pace. At this stage, a balanced diet consisting of high-quality forage and concentrate feed supplemented with essential minerals (ideally specialized horse feeds such as Top Condition, Air+Energy, or Extra Care) is usually sufficient.

However, in the final trimester, fetal development becomes more intensive, leading to a substantial increase in the mare’s nutritional and energy requirements. This is the optimal time to gradually introduce breeding feed into her diet. This ensures the mare receives adequate energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals—crucial for the foal’s optimal development.

Which Breeding Feed Should You Choose?

When selecting a breeding feed, it’s important to consider the mare’s age, body weight, and condition. An ideal breeding feed should offer the following:

• High Protein Content: Essential for fetal tissue development and the regeneration of maternal tissues.
• Vitamins and Minerals: Adequate levels of calcium, phosphorus, zinc, and selenium are especially important for proper bone formation and immune system support.
• Balanced Energy Sources: The feed should include both slow- and fast-release carbohydrates to meet increased energy demands.
• Sufficient Fiber: To support digestion and maintain healthy gut function.

A perfect example is Meglio Top Breed — an oat-free, herbal horse feed designed specifically for pregnant mares and weanlings. Its unique formulation supports digestion, boosts the immune system, and has a calming effect, helping to reduce stress during pregnancy. Being oat-free, it is gentle on the digestive system while still supplying all the essential energy and nutrients.

Feeding Tips During Pregnancy:

During pregnancy:

• Gradual Transition: Always introduce new feed slowly, in small increments, to avoid digestive upset.
• Maintain Proper Body Condition: The mare should not be underweight or overweight, as both can negatively impact the pregnancy.
• Access to Clean Drinking Water: Proper hydration is absolutely essential.

During lactation:

Lactation significantly increases the mare’s energy and nutrient demands due to the intensive nature of milk production.

Make sure that:

• The feed provides sufficient energy and protein to support milk production.
• The mare has constant access to quality forage (e.g. hay).
• Mineral supplementation is consistent, especially to meet the high calcium and phosphorus demands of milk synthesis.

Final Thoughts

Feeding pregnant mares requires careful planning and attention. Timely and appropriate introduction of breeding feed, alongside a balanced diet, ensures the health of both mare and foal and supports the foal’s proper development. Regular veterinary consultation is also essential for successful breeding and rearing.

The cover photo features a beautiful Meglio mare-and-foal pair. And the mare’s shiny coat speaks louder than words. Thank you for the wonderful pictures!